UNESCO Adds Sebastia to World Heritage List, Palestinians Seek Site Protection
UNESCO Designation of Sebastia and Its Implications
By Ali Sawafta
Background of Sebastia
RAMALLAH, West Bank, July 25 (Reuters) - Palestinian officials welcomed UNESCO's designation of Sebastia in the occupied West Bank as a World Heritage site, hoping it will prevent Israel extending its control at the ancient village, while Israel condemned it as a political decision.
Sebastia, in the northern West Bank, has archaeological remnants from successive periods dating back at least to the 9th-century BC capital of the Israelite kingdom, through the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic periods, Crusader and Ottoman eras, according to UNESCO, the United Nations cultural organisation.
Significance and Features of the Site
Olive trees surround the site, dotting a landscape of Roman columns, ancient walls and stone steps and an amphitheatre. It is traditionally seen as the burial place of John the Baptist.
Current Challenges Facing Sebastia
Israeli Land Seizure and Local Impact
But Palestinian residents of the adjacent village, many of whom rely on tourism for a living, are facing land confiscations after Israel announced a plan to seize about 1,800 dunams (445 acres) at the site, which it said was meant to develop the area.
UNESCO World Heritage in Danger Listing
On Friday, UNESCO added Sebastia to its World Heritage List and to the List of World Heritage in Danger, a related mechanism used to flag listed heritage sites that are facing serious threats, to try and safeguard them.
Palestinian Response
"We hope that this decision will enable us to preserve Sebastia," said Nizar Kayed, the village deputy mayor. He said that Israel's land seizure decision, announced in late 2025, was part of an Israeli push to expand settlements in the area.
The Palestinian tourism and foreign ministries said on Friday that they hoped the UNESCO recognition would help mobilize international support against Israeli measures there.
Israeli Response
Israel's Foreign Minister Gideon Saar said the UNESCO decision was part of a Palestinian drive to obscure Jewish ties to the land. "No vote in an international organization can change history," he said in a statement.
Future Concerns and Legislative Developments
Potential Israeli Legislation
Palestinian officials are also concerned about a new Israeli bill, that has yet to be written into law, that would extend Israeli civil control over ancient sites in the West Bank.
Impact on Palestinian Authority Oversight
That in effect would strip away oversight of the ancient sites from the Western-backed Palestinian Authority, which under the 1990s Oslo peace accords has exercised limited self-rule in parts of the West Bank, territory Israel captured in a 1967 war.
(Reporting by Ali Sawafta, Roleen Tafakji and Maayan Lubell; Editing by Susan Fenton)
