Austria’s Headscarf Ban for Under-14s Tested as New School Year Begins
Overview and Reactions to Austria's Headscarf Ban
Introduction to the Ban and Its Implementation
VIENNA, Sept 7 (Reuters) - Austria's ban on headscarves for under-14s faces an initial test on Monday as schools reopen in Vienna and other states, with groups including the country's main Muslim organisation denouncing it as discriminatory and legal challenges likely.
Political Background and Legislative Process
Austria's ruling coalition of three centrist parties proposed the ban in schools, arguing it was acting to protect girls' freedom. The legislation was passed in parliament in December with the support of the far-right Freedom Party. Only the smallest party in parliament, the left-wing Greens, opposed it.
Response from Muslim Organizations
The group that formally represents Austria's Muslims, the Islamic Religious Community in Austria (IGGO), has said the move was an infringement of fundamental rights, pledging to fight it before the Constitutional Court, which rejected challenges in July because the legislation had not yet gone into force.
Legal Precedents and Constitutional Challenges
The court ruled in 2020 that a previous ban, which applied to under-10s in schools, was illegal because it discriminated against Muslims and the state had a duty to be religiously neutral. Going against that principle requires special justification, it held.
Government's Position and Uncertainty
Asked by national broadcaster ORF if the court would overturn the new ban, Education Minister Christoph Wiederkehr said: "You can never be completely certain."
"We in the government carried out very intensive consultations and we in the education ministry tried very hard to write a law that complies with the constitution," Wiederkehr said in the interview broadcast on Monday.
Public Response and Enforcement
Protests and School Year Commencement
Left-wing pupils' organisations have called for protests. The new school year starts on Monday in three of Austria's nine states - Vienna, the surrounding state of Lower Austria, and Burgenland, all in the east - with the rest following next week.
Details of the Legislation and Penalties
The legislation stipulates a school must hold discussions with any pupil defying the ban, after which a fine of between €150 and €800 ($175-$930) can be imposed.
($1 = 0.8613 euros)
(Reporting by Francois Murphy; Editing by Alex Richardson)
