Russian Black Sea Grain Terminals Restrict Truck Deliveries Amid Growing Risks
Overview of Russian Grain Export Disruptions and Alternative Routes
Rising Risks in the Black Sea Region
July 28 (Reuters) - Three major Russian Black Sea grain export terminals have restricted grain deliveries by truck amid rising shipping risks in the Black Sea and increased flows following restrictions in the Sea of Azov, five industry sources told Reuters.
Russia, the world's largest wheat exporter, restricted shipping through the Sea of Azov this month after Ukrainian drones attacked several Russian grain vessels on the route, which handles about a quarter of the country's grain exports.
Authorities redirected grain from fertile southern regions that had previously been shipped through the Sea of Azov to deep-sea grain terminals in the Black Sea by truck and rail. However, attacks on Black Sea ports have also increased.
"The risks have increased, and there are fewer and fewer people willing to take bold, reckless risks," one of the sources said.
Terminal Operations and Capacity
Major Terminals and Their Roles
TERMINALS CAN SHIP MORE THAN 20 MILLION TONS OF GRAIN
The three terminals the sources said had restricted deliveries by road — NZT and KSK in the port of Novorossiysk, and ZTKT in the port of Taman — have capacity to ship more than 20 million tons of grain annually. Total annual Russian seaborne grain exports are around 50 million tons.
Delivery Methods and Customer Base
The two terminals in Novorossiysk accept grain delivered by rail, but these deliveries are possible only from southern Russian regions, one of the sources said.
About a third of the grain handled by those two terminals is delivered by truck, while ZTKT accepts grain only by truck. The terminals ship to Russia's main grain customers, including Egypt and Turkey.
Demetra and Delo Group, the owners of the terminals, did not respond to Reuters' requests for comment.
Impact of Sea of Azov Restrictions
Closure of Key Ports
The port of Kavkaz, which was used to transship grain from small vessels in the Sea of Azov to larger vessels, was closed almost immediately after restrictions were imposed on shipping in the Sea of Azov on July 10, sources told Reuters.
Security Measures in Novorossiysk
Russia banned vessel movements in and out of the port of Novorossiysk at night a week ago because of drone attacks. The ban remains in force, another source said.
Alternative Export Routes
Baltic Ports as a Priority
BALTIC PORTS SEEN AS SAFEST ALTERNATIVE ROUTE
Sources said Russia was seeking to further diversify its exports, with ports in the Baltic region expected to be a priority in the near future as the safest alternative route.
Caspian Sea Route and Its Limitations
The Caspian Sea route is also an option, sources said, but it is mainly used for shipments to Iran and risks are also rising because of the war in the Middle East and, more recently, a Ukrainian attack on an Iranian vessel.
Recent Trends in Caspian Shipments
Sources said shipments through the Caspian Sea have not increased since mid-July.
(Reporting by Reuters; Editing by Jan Harvey)
