Bond Market Sell-Off Deepens as Yields Surge Before Trump and Xi Meeting
Global Financial Turmoil and Key Market Drivers
By Marc Jones
LONDON, Sept 24 (Reuters) - World financial markets remained on edge on Thursday after concerns about the Iran war and inflation pain had triggered the sharpest sell-off in US Treasuries and other benchmark government bonds since last year's Liberation Day turmoil.
Bond yields were nudging higher again as US trading began after oil prices had moved back above $105 a barrel and as traders waited on what could be a tense meeting between US President Donald Trump and Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping in Washington later.
Surging Yields and Market Reactions
The 10-year US Treasury yield - the benchmark of the $29-trillion Treasury market that anchors pricing for virtually all financial assets globally - touched a new post-financial-crisis high of 5.12%, while the 30-year yield climbed to 5.44%, its highest since 2004.
The difference between what France and Germany pay to borrow was also at its widest since Mario Draghi's "Whatever it Takes" speech of 2012 and Japan's 10-year yield jumped to a 30-year high in Asia.
Strong PMI data and a weak US government bond sale had compounded Wednesday's global rout and AXA's Chief Economist Gilles Moec said all the ingredients were now in place for a rise in long-term interest rates.
Expert Insights on Macro Issues
"Inflation is high, central bankers are giving hawkish messages, there's competition from the funding needs of the tech sector and there are no reassuring signs on the US debt trajectory," Moec said.
"They are all fairly big macro issues and on top of that you have the binary geopolitical issue of what is happening in the Middle East."
Stock Market Under Pressure
Historical Context and Current Trends
UNDER PRESSURE
MSCI's main world share index, the pan European STOXX 600 and Wall Street futures all moved lower amid the unsettled mood. [.EU]
History offers some guidance on how painful spikes in bond market borrow costs can be for stocks. The MSCI world index halved in value after the last time the 10-year Treasury yield broke 5%, which was just before the global financial crash.
It suffered a similar slump less than a decade earlier too when a near 6.8% spike helped pop the dotcom bubble.
Central Bank Actions and Oil Prices
Norway became Europe's latest country to raise its interest rates and Sweden signalled it was likely to follow suit before the end of the year as well, underscoring that direction rates are now heading in many parts of the world.
Oil's rise back to $105 on Thursday also came as doubts grow again about the chance of a US-Iran deal, despite the talks at the UN this week.
Reports have also suggested that Trump is considering a possible export ban on US-produced diesel. [O/R]
Geopolitical Tensions and Market Sentiment
Analysts at Deutsche Bank pointed to Iran foreign ministry comments that it had presented a list of conditions to the US for restarting truce talks, that included the acceptance of a shipping route agreed by Oman and Iran, along with an end to the naval blockade and the release of Iran’s frozen assets.
And Iran’s President Pezeshkian struck a defiant tone, saying that Iran would not allow freedom of navigation through Hormuz while the US blockade and sanctions remained in place.
"There is definitely angst in the bond market. There are no two ways about it," said Pictet Asset Management strategist Arun Sai.
"We are going through a period where the steady state equilibrium has been challenged in a number of ways, and it's competing narratives, and it's not yet obvious which of these is right," he added.
Trump-Xi Meeting and Economic Outlook
Diplomatic Developments
POWER COUPLE
Xi and Trump's meeting later is part of Xi's first trip to the US in nearly three years and comes after Trump visited China earlier in the year.
Analysts expected few if any major breakthroughs, but the news on Wednesday was that Washington and Beijing could extend their 11-month trade truce.
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said they had reached a deal on an initial 2-month extension as Trump greeted Xi personally at Joint Base Andrews in Maryland.
Currency and Federal Reserve Expectations
In the currency market, the dollar was hovering at a two month high against a basket of other top world currencies following the sharp rise in Treasury yields which effectively makes dollar-denominated assets more attractive.
Following Wednesday's hot PMI data, traders also now see a nearly 70% chance of another increase when the US Federal Reserve next meets in October, according to CME Group's FedWatch Tool, up from 50% a week ago.
Upcoming Economic Data and Central Bank Moves
On the economic front, the US Labor Department is expected to report later that initial jobless claims likely rose to 201,000 in the week ended September 19, while continuing claims likely increased 15,000 to 1.745 million in the prior week. New home sales are forecast to edge up to 615,000 units in August from 607,000 units in July.
Speeches are also due from a flock of Fed and ECB officials on Thursday, including New York Fed President John Williams and Cleveland Fed President Beth Hammack and ECB Executive Board members Isabel Schnabel and Philip Lane.
Sources told Reuters on Thursday that Schnabel, who has been in the race to replace Christine Lagarde as ECB President next year, was now set to quit the central bank to join the International Monetary Fund.
(Additional reporting by Naomi Rovnick in London; Editing by Louise Heavens, Alexandra Hudson)
