August Ties Record as World's Hottest Month, Surpassing Key Climate Thresholds
Global Temperature Records and Climate Impacts
By Kate Abnett and Marta Fiorin
BRUSSELS, Sept 10 (Reuters) - The world just experienced its joint-hottest month since records began, with August pushing the planet's average global temperature to more than 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels, the EU's Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) said on Thursday.
Extreme Weather Events and Disasters
Extreme weather and climate-related disasters raged around the world last month. Scientists have said climate change likely played a role in the landslides and flash floods that killed hundreds in Nepal and China’s Tibet, although the specifics are still being studied. Wildfires surged from Indonesia to Greece and Belgium, while severe drought struck Hungary and Romania.
Significance of the 1.5°C Threshold
Temperatures of more than 1.5 C above pre-industrial times are significant because that temperature, when measured as a decades-long average, is the level of warming nearly 200 countries vowed to try to prevent under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, in order to avoid the worst consequences of climate change.
August was the first month since November 2025 in which the world's average temperature exceeded 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels.
Historical Context and Causes
With an average global surface air temperature of 16.96 C, last month tied with July 2023 as the world's warmest month on record. This was 1.65 C hotter than the planet's average temperature in the 19th century, before humans started burning oil, coal and gas on an industrial scale, C3S said.
Emissions from burning these fossil fuels are the main cause of climate change.
Impacts Across Europe
"We've really seen the impact across Europe of how maladapted we are, with roads melting, train lines buckling, schools closing, hospitals completely overwhelmed, and record wildfires for the time of year," said Samantha Burgess, strategic lead at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.
"The narrative around climate change has really transitioned from being quite an abstract concept that happens in a faraway place, to disrupting our daily lives," she said.
The data confirmed western Europe is emerging from its hottest summer ever recorded, with many regions suffering unusually low river flows and soil moisture — adding to farmers' woes, after a succession of extreme heatwaves since May ravaged crops.
Another 1.5°C Breach and Future Outlook
ANOTHER 1.5 C BREACH
The world has not yet technically breached the Paris Agreement's 1.5 C target — which refers to an average temperature over decades, rather than a temporary peak. Currently, the world's long-term warming level is about 1.4 C above pre-industrial levels.
The U.N. said last week that sticking to the long-term 1.5 C goal is no longer possible. It urged governments to cut CO2 emissions faster, to limit overshooting the target.
Ocean Temperatures and El Nino
C3S's records go back to 1940, and are cross-checked with global temperature records going back to 1850.
Last month's extreme heat was not limited to land. The world's oceans outside of the polar regions also recorded their joint-highest sea surface temperature for any month on record, C3S said.
In the tropical Pacific, record-high temperatures were fuelled by the formation of the El Nino weather pattern, which is forecast to strengthen in the coming months — potentially pushing up global temperatures further.
(Reporting by Kate Abnett; Editing by Nia Williams)
