Nepal Races to Rescue Hundreds Trapped in Hydropower Tunnels After Floods
Massive Floods Trigger Rescue Operations and Ongoing Risks
By Gopal Sharma, Saurabh Sharma and Ethan Wang
Disaster Strikes the Nepal-Tibet Border
KATHMANDU/BEIJING, Aug 31 (Reuters) - Nepal's rescue teams, helped by Chinese and Indian experts, worked overnight to reach hundreds of people believed to be stuck inside blocked hydropower project tunnels in the aftermath of last week's Himalayan flood that carved a trail of destruction in the country's valley towns and villages as well as across the border in China.
The unprecedented deluge of ice, rock, mud and debris on the Nepal-Tibet border on Wednesday – blamed on a glacier collapse – killed more than 900 people and nearly 5,000 are still missing.
Hundreds of bodies, many unidentified, have been buried in shallow graves as they began decomposing in the humid weather in the plains of the Himalayan country after being swept down the mountains by the torrent.
Focus on Hydropower Tunnel Rescues
Nepali officials said that the focus was on reaching the hundreds of workers believed to be trapped inside about half a dozen hydropower project tunnels that had been blocked by mud and rock debris.
Pictures and videos shared by rescue teams showed earth-moving equipment digging and shovelling mud and rocks under lights in the dark of the night as workers watched. Soldiers used torchlight in a big pit they had created to look for space to get into one tunnel.
Nepal’s disaster management authority said that 933 people were missing from hydropower projects in the flood-hit region. The Red Cross has estimated that more than 90,000 people are likely to have been affected by the disaster, which China has linked to the effects of climate change.
On Monday, Nepali authorities said 903 people had died, with 4,247 missing, including the 933 at hydropower projects. On the Chinese side, authorities said 16 people were killed in Gyirong County and 546 were missing.
Challenges in Damage Assessment and Rescue
Complete Assessment of Damage Challenging, Nepal PM Says
COMPLETE ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE CHALLENGING, NEPAL PM SAYS
“A large amount of debris has been deposited and that is posing us a big challenge to open the tunnels,” Nepal army spokesperson Raja Ram Basnet told Reuters. “Our main focus is on opening the tunnels.”
Prime Minister Balendra Shah said the flood was an “unprecedented and devastating natural disaster” and it remained challenging to compile a complete assessment of the damage.
“Despite the adverse weather, difficult terrain and continuing risks, we are moving forward with determination to save the lives of our citizens,” he said in a Facebook post late on Sunday, adding that nearly 21,000 security personnel were involved in the rescue operations, besides civilian workers and volunteers.
International Response and Aid
Chinese President Xi Jinping, on a visit to Kyrgyzstan, said Beijing is making every effort to search for missing people following the disaster, Xinhua reported on Monday.
Beijing has said 261 foreign nationals from 23 countries were unaccounted for in Tibet, near a key border crossing with Nepal.
China’s state-run CCTV reported Beijing has mobilised more than 2,100 rescue workers and allocated at least 220 million yuan ($33 million) to support relief efforts and has been airdropping equipment and supplies to frontline rescuers, while its soldiers used life-detection equipment to look for the missing.
Ongoing Risks from Lakes and Landslides
Threats from New Lakes and Unstable Terrain
RISK FROM LAKES AND LANDSLIDES
Although Nepal has said that it does not need foreign help in general rescue and search, it has leaned on giant neighbours India and China for their expertise in tunnel rescue.
Rescue operations have been suspended several times since Friday because of bad weather and concerns that a lake formed across the Nepal-China border by the disaster could trigger fresh flooding after it began overflowing into Nepal's rivers.
China’s state television CCTV said that another lake formed upstream by a landslide had largely drained as water flowed out naturally.
The landslide occurred 2.8 km (1.7 miles) downstream from the first lake formed by debris of the glacier collapse.
Authorities are now monitoring an impact crater carved out near the site of the glacier collapse on the Nepalese side, which had expanded to 174,000 square metres by Saturday evening, state media said.
The crater had an estimated reservoir of 2.5 million cubic metres, which if breached, could lead to a chain reaction to lakes further downstream, authorities warned.
CCTV said there is risk of further landslides along the river that could create additional lakes, as investigators identified eight high-risk locations for geological disasters.
Climate Change and Data Sharing Concerns
The flood was "caused by glacier instability under the long-term effects of global warming", the state broadcaster reported, saying it was a "new and prominent feature of cryosphere disasters" on the Tibetan plateau.
Two Nepali officials told Reuters that China had not shared much information on glacier risks and water levels following a meeting to strengthen cooperation earlier this year, and they feared that a lack of data sharing could hamper future disaster preparedness. China's foreign ministry did not respond to a request for comment on the meeting.
Reporting Credits
(Reporting by Gopal Sharma, Saurabh Sharma, Sahana Bajracharya, Navesh Chitrakar, Ethan Wang, Qiaoyi Li, Liz Lee, Shilpa Jamkhandikar and Hritam Mukherjee; Writing by YP Rajesh; Editing by Saad Sayeed)
