Dollar slips versus major currencies as US tariff deadline looms

By Rocky Swift and Johann M Cherian

TOKYO (Reuters) -The dollar slipped against other major currencies on Friday after President Donald Trump got his signature tax cut bill over the final hurdle and pressure mounted on countries to secure trade deals with the United States.

The U.S. currency had rallied on Thursday after stronger than expected U.S. jobs data pushed out the timing for potential rate cuts by the Federal Reserve. But the dollar index, which tracks the currency against major peers, is headed for a second-straight weekly decline.

The Republican-controlled House of Representatives narrowly passed Trump's "One, Big, Beautiful Bill" of spending and tax cuts that is estimated to add $3.4 trillion to the country's $36.2 trillion debt. Trump is expected to sign the bill into law on Friday.

With the U.S. closed for Independence Day, attention turns to Trump's July 9 deadline when sweeping tariffs take effect on countries like Japan that have not yet secured trade agreements.

"The appetite for the dollar is waning because, one, the U.S. debt worries are rising and appetite for U.S. debt is at risk," said Ipek Ozkardeskaya, senior market analyst at Swissquote Bank.

"And also because of the fact that the tariff situation and trade disruptions are going to have a negative impact on growth for the U.S. and the Fed will not necessarily be able to support the economy when inflation risks are rising."

The dollar index had its worst first half since 1973 as Trump's chaotic roll-out of sweeping tariffs heightened concerns about the U.S. economy and the safety of Treasuries. The U.S. currency sank to the lowest in more than three years against the euro and British pound earlier in the week. 

The dollar index edged 0.1% lower to 96.96, trimming its 0.4% advance on Thursday. The euro added 0.1% to $1.1773, poised for a 0.4% weekly gain.

The yen climbed 0.4% to 144.375 versus the dollar, while the Swiss franc firmed 0.2% to fetch 0.7939 per dollar.

Trump said many countries will get letters on Friday specifying what tariff rates they will face, marking a shift from earlier pledges to do individual deals with trading partners.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said the EU was aiming for a trade agreement "in principle" with the U.S. before the deadline. Japan, which has been a focus of Trump's ire of late, is reportedly sending its chief trade negotiator to the U.S. again as early as this weekend.

Adding to strains on global trade, China said it would implement duties of up to 34.9% on brandy originating in the European Union for a period of five years starting from July 5.

Investors worried about the health of the U.S. economy got some relief on Thursday via the U.S. Labor Department's employment report which showed that nonfarm payrolls increased by 147,000 jobs in June, well ahead of economists' forecast in a Reuters poll for a rise of 110,000.

"The U.S. labour market is gradually slowing down, but the fact that it hasn't experienced a sudden change is reassuring," said SMBC chief currency strategist Hirofumi Suzuki. "I personally predict that the tariff negotiations will not be very favourable, leading to continued dollar weakness and yen strength."

Market expectations that the Fed will leave rates unchanged at its July meeting are now at 95.3% probability, up from 76.2% on July 2, according to the CME's Fedwatch tool.

Economists continue to expect the Fed will not start cutting rates again until September or even later.

(Reporting by Rocky Swift and Johann M Cherian; Editing by Shri Navaratnam and Jane Merriman)