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Euro zone long-term inflation expectations below 2%, yields drop
Global Banking & Finance Review®
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By Stefano Rebaudo
(Reuters) – Euro zone bond yields fell on Monday while long-term inflation expectations dropped below 2% as recession fears deepened after warnings about a possible cut in Russian gas supplies.
French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said on Sunday the French government was preparing for a total cut-off of Russian gas supplies.
Germany has moved to stage two of a three-tier emergency gas plan, warning of recession if Russian gas flows are halted.
The five-year, five-year forward inflation swap, fell to 1.9898%, below the 2% target of the European Central Bank, at its lowest since March 2.
“The ECB and us, we’re still not seeing tangible signs of second round effects, so I suppose on the inflation side … they’ll be satisfied with (the five-year five-year forward inflation swap) coming down,” said Peter McCallum, rates strategist at Mizuho.
Analysts still expect a quite aggressive monetary tightening path by year-end, while being more cautious over 2023.
“In a nutshell, faster (monetary) tightening (in 2022) and then a stop next year, if not even a reversal,” said Erik F. Nielsen, group chief economics adviser at Unicredit.
Nielsen mentioned the chance of the global economy falling into recession in 2023 and inflation rates coming off their peaks and starting to decline probably quite quickly.
“I’ll bet my money on the ECB ending its hikes well before we get to policy rates of 2%,” Nielsen added.
Money markets still price in around 145 bps of ECB rate hikes by year-end, and around 200 bps by the end of 2023.
INFLATION DATA
Germany’s 10-year government bond yield, the euro zone benchmark, fell 5 bps to 1.296%. It hit a 5-week low at 1.072% last week.
Investors await the U.S. inflation data on Wednesday, which could force another super-sized hike in rates.
Commerzbank analysts noted that front-loaded Fed tightening was also spilling over to euro short-term rate (ESTR) forwards.
“A crucial litmus test for the tightening pattern could come much earlier, though, with the planned end of the Nord Stream 1 maintenance targeted to end one day after the ECB lift-off decision,” the Commerzbank analysts said in a research note.
The biggest pipeline carrying Russian gas to Germany started annual maintenance on Monday, with flows expected to stop for 10 days, but governments, markets and companies are worried the shutdown might be extended due to war in Ukraine.
Italy’s 10-year government bond yields fell 3.5 bps to 3.336%, with the spread between Italian and German 10-year yields widening to 202 bps.
Investors expect the spread to remain around 200 bps before the announcement of the ECB’s so-called anti-fragmentation tool expected at its next policy meeting.
ECB policymakers pledged to buy more bonds from debt-laden countries such as Italy to contain a widening spread between their borrowing costs and Germany’s that might hamper monetary policy transmission across the bloc.
Bundesbank chief Joachim Nagel disagreed with that decision and warned against trying to decide the right market spread as that was “virtually impossible” and risked making governments complacent, according to sources at the meeting. ECB aid to tackle rising government debt yields in some euro zone countries should come with conditions, an adviser to German Finance Minister Christian Lindner said.
(Reporting by Stefano Rebaudo; Additional reporting by Yoruk Bahceli; Editing by Alison Williams)
Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises, eroding purchasing power. It is typically measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or the Producer Price Index (PPI).
A central bank is a national institution that manages a country's currency, money supply, and interest rates. It oversees the banking system and implements monetary policy to achieve economic stability.
Bond yields represent the return an investor can expect to earn from holding a bond until maturity. It is expressed as a percentage of the bond's face value and is influenced by interest rates and inflation.
Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to control the money supply and interest rates to achieve macroeconomic goals such as controlling inflation, consumption, growth, and liquidity.
The euro zone is a group of European Union countries that have adopted the euro as their official currency. It facilitates easier trade and economic cooperation among member states.
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