Published by Global Banking & Finance Review®
Posted on November 22, 2025
3 min readLast updated: January 20, 2026
Add as preferred source on GoogleChina accuses Japan of threatening armed intervention over Taiwan at the UN, vowing self-defense. Tensions rise in Asia's biggest bilateral crisis.
By Laurie Chen
BEIJING (Reuters) -China has taken its growing dispute with Japan to the United Nations, accusing Tokyo of threatening "an armed intervention" over Taiwan and vowing to defend itself in its strongest language yet in the two-week-old dispute.
Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi committed "a grave violation of international law" and diplomatic norms when she said a Chinese attack on Taiwan could trigger a military response from Tokyo, China's U.N. Ambassador Fu Cong wrote in a letter on Friday to U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.
"If Japan dares to attempt an armed intervention in the cross-Strait situation, it would be an act of aggression," Fu wrote, according to a statement from China's U.N. mission. "China will resolutely exercise its right of self-defence under the U.N. Charter and international law and firmly defend its sovereignty and territorial integrity."
BIGGEST BILATERAL CRISIS IN YEARS
Beijing views democratically governed Taiwan as its own territory and has not ruled out the use of force to take control of the island. Taiwan's government rejects Beijing's claims and says only the island's people can decide their future.
Japan's Foreign Ministry said in an emailed statement to Reuters that the ministry was aware of Fu's letter, the strongest criticism of Takaichi yet from a senior Chinese official in the biggest bilateral crisis in years.
The ministry emphasised that Japan's commitment to peace was unchanged and dismissed China's claims as "entirely unacceptable".
Takaichi, a conservative nationalist who took office last month, ditched the ambiguity that Japan and the U.S. have long used regarding Taiwan when she told a questioner in parliament on November 7 that a hypothetical Chinese attack on Taiwan - which lies just over 100 km (60 miles) from Japanese territory - could be deemed "a situation threatening Japan's survival".
That is a legal designation that allows a Japanese prime minister to deploy the nation's military.
Takaichi's remarks sparked the tit-for-tat dispute with China that has spilled beyond diplomacy in recent days, with China saying it has "severely damaged" trade cooperation, while concerts of Japanese musicians in China have been abruptly cancelled.
Fu demanded that Japan "stop making provocations and crossing the line, and retract its erroneous remarks", which he said were "openly challenging China's core interests".
Ahead of this year's 80th anniversary of Japan's World War Two defeat, Beijing has increasingly invoked Tokyo's wartime atrocities and China's postwar role in setting up the U.N. as it criticises its Asian neighbour and seeks to reshape the international governance system.
China, a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council, has repeatedly emphasised two postwar declarations envisioning that Taiwan and other territories that had been occupied by Japan would be "restored" to Chinese rule.
The Potsdam and Cairo declarations form the basis for China's legal claims of sovereignty over Taiwan, though many governments view them as statements of intent, not legally binding accords.
Moreover, the declarations were signed by the Republic of China government, which fled to Taiwan in 1949 after losing a civil war with Mao Zedong’s communists. Taiwan held China's U.N. seat until 1971, when it was transferred to the Beijing government of the People's Republic of China.
(Reporting by Laurie Chen. Additional reporting by Makiko Yamazaki. Editing by William Mallard)
International law is a set of rules and principles that govern the relations and dealings of nations with each other. It encompasses treaties, agreements, and customary practices recognized as binding.
Self-defense in international law refers to the right of a state to defend itself against armed attacks. This principle is recognized under Article 51 of the UN Charter.
Sovereignty is the authority of a state to govern itself or another state. It includes the power to make laws, enforce them, and conduct foreign relations.
A military response is an action taken by a nation’s armed forces in reaction to an attack or threat. It can involve the use of force to protect national interests.
Territorial integrity refers to the principle under international law that nations should not attempt to promote secession or territorial claims against other states. It protects the borders of a sovereign state.
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