Published by Global Banking and Finance Review
Posted on July 1, 2025
4 min readLast updated: January 23, 2026
The 2023 European heatwave led to school closures in France and work restrictions in Italy, with record temperatures across the continent.
By Emma Pinedo and Alvise Armellini
PARIS/MADRID/ROME (Reuters) -Italy limited work outdoors, France shut schools and Turkey battled wildfires on Tuesday in a European heatwave that meteorologists said was "exceptional" for striking so early this year.
Spain confirmed its hottest June on record, while temperatures passed 40 degrees Celsius (104°F) in some of its cities on Tuesday. Likewise, heat scaled to reach 40 degrees in the Italian city of Trento, while northern European cities such as London were also sweltering.
Europe is heating up at twice the global average speed and is the world's fastest-warming continent, the European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service has said.
"What is exceptional ... but not unprecedented is the time of year," said World Meteorological Organization spokesperson Clare Nullis.
Europe was experiencing extreme heat episodes "which normally we would see later on in the summer," she said.
Some countries issued health alerts and trade unions attributed the death of a construction worker near the Italian city of Bologna on Monday to the heat.
Outdoor work was banned in some Italian regions during the hottest hours of the day as Italy issued heatwave red alerts for 17 cities, including Milan and Rome.
Power outages, likely caused or aggravated by spiking electricity consumption from air conditioners, were reported in central Florence and in the northern city of Bergamo. In Sicily, a woman with a heart condition died while walking in the city of Bagheria, news agencies reported.
In the Spanish city of Barcelona, authorities were looking into whether the death of a street sweeper at the weekend was heat-related.
The Red Cross set up an air-conditioned "climate refuge" for residents in Malaga in southern Spain, said a spokesperson for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
Turkey continued to battle the wildfires that forced the temporary evacuation of around 50,000 people on Monday in areas surrounding the city of Izmir and in the nearby province of Manisa, as well as Hatay in the southeast.
In France, nearly 1,900 schools were closed, up from around 200 on Monday. The heat was set to peak in France on Tuesday at 40-41 C in some areas, weather forecaster Meteo France said.
RECORD TEMPERATURES
Scientists say greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels are a cause of climate change, with deforestation and industrial practices being other contributing factors. Last year was the planet's hottest on record.
"We keep hearing about climate change. I think we're definitely feeling it now," said Omar Bah, a rental company worker said in London, where temperatures hit 32 C.
The Mediterranean Sea hit a record 30 C off Spain, six degrees above the seasonal average, Spanish weather forecaster AEMET said, as a high pressure system trapped hot air above Europe - a phenomenon known as a heat dome.
Nullis said higher temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea tend to reinforce extreme temperatures over land areas.
The average temperature in Spain was 23.6 C last month, weather agency AEMET said. Copernicus said June probably ranks among the five warmest on record, Copernicus said. England had its hottest June since at least 1884, the Met Office national weather service said, citing provisional data.
A Paris-Milan rail service was disrupted because of a mudslide on the French side of the Alps, with full service not expected to be fully restored until mid-July, French rail operator SNCF said.
The top floor of the Eiffel Tower was closed, disappointing scores of visitors.
"I tried to get all organised before our departure and the result is nonsense," said Laia Pons, 42, a teacher from Barcelona who booked Eiffel tickets for her family three years ago.
When temperatures rise, the puddled iron used to build the Eiffel Tower expands in size and tilts slightly, with no impact on its structural integrity, according to its website.
The scorching temperatures have raised the risk of field fires as farmers in France, the European Union's biggest grain producer, start harvesting this year's crop, with many working through the night to avoid peak afternoon temperatures.
(Additional reporting by Emma Farge, Michaela Cabrera, Kate Abnett, Gus Trompiz, Rachel More, Sudip Kar-Gupta, Ezgi Erkoyun, William James; Writing by Ingrid Melander and Michele Kambas; Editing by Bernadette Baum and Timothy Heritage)
In France, nearly 1,900 schools were closed as temperatures peaked at 40-41°C in some areas.
Italy has limited outdoor work during the hottest hours of the day and issued heatwave red alerts for 17 cities.
Some countries issued health alerts, and a construction worker's death near Bologna was attributed to the heat.
Europe is experiencing extreme heat episodes earlier in the summer than typically expected, according to meteorologists.
The scorching temperatures have raised the risk of field fires as farmers begin harvesting crops, particularly in France.
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