Published by Jessica Weisman-Pitts
Posted on November 3, 2022
5 min readLast updated: February 3, 2026
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LONDON (Reuters) – The Bank of England raised UK interest rates to 3% on Thursday in its largest rate hike since 1989 and warned of a “very challenging outlook” for the economy.
Investors had fully priced in the possibility of the three-quarter point increase. Money markets showed traders now expect UK rates to peak at 4.6% by next September, compared to expectations of 4.8% just two days ago.
The pound tumbled after the decision, while London-listed stocks fell and UK bonds came under pressure.
MARKET REACTION
FOREX: Sterling fell as much as 2.0% against the dollar to a session low of $1.1162. Against the euro, it was down 1.25% at 87.25 pence.
STOCKS: The FTSE 100 was last down 0.6%, having traded 0.7% lower ahead of the decision, while the mid-cap FTSE 250 index dropped 1.5%. UK bank stocks fell 0.8%
BONDS: Yields on the two-year gilt were last up 1 basis points at 3.041%, compared with 3.064% before the BoE announced its decision.
COMMENTS
KIT JUCKES, CHIEF GLOBAL FX STRATEGIST, SOCIÉTÉ GÉNÉRALE, LONDON
“They raised rates as expected, but the message they are sending certainly isn’t terribly friendly to sterling. At the end, what matters is what people feel about growth and the idea of a two year long recession isn’t going to help the currency.”
STUART COLE, HEAD MACRO ECONOMIST, EQUITI CAPITAL, LONDON
“Going forward, it may not be too long before the monetary policies pursued by the BoE and Fed start to diverge. The market has already reduced its expected peak interest rate; if we get a more austere than expected fiscal statement on 17th November I think we will see that terminal rate lowered some more.
For now, the implication of today’s outcome is likely to be negative for sterling but supportive for gilts, and we are already seeing sterling react negatively to the implications of the BoE’s messaging.”
ADAM JONES, WEALTH MANAGER, HOTTINGER, LONDON
“We were slightly surprised by the BoE’s decision to hike by 75bps given the recent softening in macro data. Rates markets are pricing another 50bps hike at each of the December and February meetings, although still reflect a lower terminal rate than just a week ago. To us, this suggests growing concern about the outlook for the UK economy.”
RICHARD CARTER, HEAD OF FIXED INTEREST RESEARCH AT QUILTER CHEVIOT, LONDON
“Markets had widely anticipated the hefty rate hike, particularly given the bank has had to make the move prior to the government’s fiscal statement after it was delayed until later this month.
“However, this latest move is actually significantly lower than it could have been given the furore caused by the mini-budget just a matter of weeks ago. The change of Prime Minister appears to have restored some calm to UK bond markets, and the BoE could take a smaller step as a result.”
JEREMY BATSTONE-CARR, EUROPEAN STRATEGIST AT RAYMOND JAMES, FRANCE
“After the political and economic upheaval of the last few weeks, the Bank of England’s move to increase the base interest rate to 3% is an attempt to steady the ship, even if this requires sailing through a recessionary storm in order to get to the calmer waters on the other side.
“There is no doubt we are now looking down the barrel of a recession, which is unfortunately a necessary by-product of the policies required to restore fiscal credibility. The aim is stability in the long-term, as further highlighted by the bank beginning quantitative tightening, with the bank hoping the economy will rise out of the recession by this time next year.”
JAN VON GERICH, CHIEF ECONOMIST, NORDEA, HELSINKI
“What caught my eye is that while some central banks are saying they don’t know how high rates will go, the BoE is saying the peak is lower than what the market is pricing.
“Sterling could face some pressure against the dollar at least.”
JANE FOLEY, HEAD OF FX STRATEGY, AT RABOBANK, LONDON
“The pound has been slipping against the resurgent USD all morning but notably it has fallen against the EUR also following the BoE announcement and the perception that this was a dovish hike.
“With two members of the (Monetary Policy Committee) not willing to endorse the 75 bps rate hike this month and given the likelihood that the UK economy will be in recession the next time the BoE meets, the prospects of another 75-bps hike from the bank could appear to be too difficult an ask.”
DAVID OWEN, CHIEF ECONOMIST, SALTMARSH ECONOMICS, LONDON
“The move is as expected. We’re still looking over the next couple of years for rates to go to over 5%.
“What happens to the pace of quantitative tightening will be important.”
ANDREW ALDRIDGE, PARTNER AT DEEPBRIDGE CAPITAL, LONDON
“Quelling rampant inflation and kickstarting a slowing economy left the Bank facing a difficult balancing act, with today’s interest rate hike to 3% hardly surprising in this context.
“Fiscal and monetary policy remains murky as we move towards year close, and this environment poses significant challenges for investors and financial advisers in the public markets.”
(Reporting by London Markets Team; Editing by Yoruk Bahceli and Catherine Evans)
The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, responsible for issuing currency, maintaining monetary stability, and overseeing the financial system.
Interest rates are the cost of borrowing money or the return on savings, expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed or saved.
Monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to manage the money supply and interest rates to achieve economic goals.
Forex, or foreign exchange, is the global market for trading national currencies against one another, influencing exchange rates.
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