Spain proposes declassifying secret Franco era files

MADRID (Reuters) -The Spanish government on Tuesday introduced a bill to automatically declassify all secret government files older than 45 years, including documents from Francisco Franco's dictatorship and the transition to democracy.

If approved by parliament, the proposed law could shed light on some of Spain's darkest chapters, including Franco's ties to Adolf Hitler, the locations of mass graves where victims of his 1939-75 rule were buried, and details of the 1966 Palomares nuclear accident caused by the mid-air collision of two U.S. Air Force planes over a fishing village in southern Spain.

"With this law we will overcome an obstacle in our legislation to put us in line with European standards," Justice Minister Felix Bolanos told reporters. 

"Citizens have the right to know. Administrations have the obligation to provide documentation that is important for history," he added.

The bill seeks to replace the existing law governing official secrets, enacted during Franco's rule, which lacks provisions for automatic declassification based on the amount of time that has passed. 

The law would automatically declassify all documents older than 45 years unless they constituted a justified threat to national security, Bolanos said.

For documents created after that period, the draft law outlines a tiered system: "highly classified" documents would remain secret for up to 60 years; "classified" files for up to 45 years; "confidential" material for up to nine years; and "restricted" documents for up to five years.

The government should not restrict access to documents related to the Catholic Church or former King Juan Carlos, said the Association for the Recovery of Historical Memory (ARHM), a volunteer group dedicated to identifying victims of political violence during Spain's Civil War and Franco's dictatorship. 

It also warned that some documents may have already been removed or redacted, and it called for the immediate digitisation of records to ensure public access.

Bolanos said that declassifying Franco-era files would be a gradual process given their volumes. 

The draft law must now pass through parliament, where Socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez's minority government struggles to garner sufficient votes as it weighs concessions to disparate political factions.

(Reporting by Emma Pinedo; Editing by David Latona, Charlie Devereux and Tomasz Janowski)