Published by Global Banking & Finance Review®
Posted on January 28, 2025
3 min readLast updated: January 27, 2026
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Rebels capture Goma, prompting Congolese refugees and soldiers to flee to Rwanda. Rwanda admits them amid accusations of fueling the conflict.
By Thomas Mukoya
GISENYI, Rwanda (Reuters) - Refugees, surrendering Congolese soldiers and stranded truckers thronged the Rwandan border on Tuesday, hoping to reach safety after rebels captured the nearby Congolese city of Goma and spurred them to flee.
Gunfire and explosions could be heard from Goma late on Monday and early on Tuesday in Rubavu district on Rwanda's northeast frontier with Democratic Republic of Congo.
Through the night, people waited on the Congo side of the border, laden with mattresses and the few belongings they could grab as Rwanda-backed M23 fighters advanced on Goma.
At daylight on Tuesday, Rwanda began admitting them, some holding their hands aloft in joyful thanks as they walked across the border.
"We saw and heard terrible things. Dead bodies, gunshots, bombs," said Alois Emmanuel Bebe, a Tanzanian trucker among a group of 47 drivers seeking refuge in Rwanda after they were cut off by fighting in eastern Congo.
An escalation of the three-year insurgency in Congo since the start of the year has forced around 400,000 people from their homes.
As in previous security crises in the rebel-torn region, some refugees have headed to Rwanda even as Congo and the United Nations accuse the neighbour of fuelling the conflict with its own troops and weapons.
Shouldering colourfully-wrapped bundles, families waited on Tuesday to be registered at an open-air refugee reception centre in the Rwandan border town of Gisenyi. Small children clung to the skirts of their mothers, some of whom also had babies strapped to their backs or fronts.
Elsewhere, the Rwandan authorities processed a number of Congolese soldiers.
In a large hall in Gisenyi, dozens of men sat on the floor under the watch of members of the Rwanda Defence Force. Some wore army boots and fatigues with the Congolese insignia while others were in civilian clothes. A few received treatment for cuts and minor injuries.
Rwandan regional ambassador Vincent Karega said 102 Congolese soldiers had surrendered by voluntarily crossing into Rwanda on Monday.
"More continue to cross today. They run away from the battles," he told Reuters, adding that they would be treated like other refugees once disarmed and registered.
"They will return home at will when it suits them, or decide to go into exile in Rwanda or elsewhere."
It is not yet clear how many citizens and soldiers have fled to Rwanda in recent days. Congolese citizens accounted for over 56% of the 114,461 refugees there as of November, according to the U.N. refugee agency.
The Congolese government did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
(Additional reporting by Sonia Rolley in Paris; Writing by Alessandra Prentice; Editing by Cynthia Osterman)
The influx is due to the escalation of a three-year insurgency in Congo, particularly as M23 fighters advanced on Goma, forcing around 400,000 people from their homes.
Rwandan regional ambassador Vincent Karega reported that 102 Congolese soldiers surrendered by voluntarily crossing into Rwanda on Monday.
Refugees at the Rwandan border have been seen waiting with their belongings, and many expressed relief upon being admitted, despite the traumatic experiences they faced.
The surrendered soldiers will be treated like other refugees once disarmed and registered, with the option to return home or go into exile.
As of November, Congolese citizens accounted for over 56% of the 114,461 refugees in Rwanda, according to UN refugee statistics.
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