Published by Global Banking & Finance Review®
Posted on September 23, 2025
3 min readLast updated: January 21, 2026
Add as preferred source on GoogleUK firms face declining confidence due to potential tax hikes, impacting hiring and economic growth, as shown by the latest PMI survey.
By Suban Abdulla
LONDON (Reuters) -British firms have reported a loss of momentum and confidence ahead of possible new tax increases in finance minister Rachel Reeves' next budget in November, according to a survey that also showed another drop in hiring.
S&P Global's preliminary UK Composite Purchasing Managers' Index, covering the services and manufacturing sectors, slowed to 51.0 in September from 53.5 in August, not far above the 50.0 level that separates growth from contraction.
Economists polled by Reuters had forecast a softer fall to 53.0 in Tuesday's survey.
The PMI's measure of business optimism about the coming 12 months slipped to its lowest since June.
REEVES' DILEMMA: RAISING TAXES VERSUS BOOSTING GROWTH
"Amid talk of further tax rises being needed in the Budget later this year, it's not surprising to see that business expectations have worsened again in September," Chris Williamson, chief business economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence, said.
"In the absence of an improvement in confidence, it's unlikely that the economy will make any strong gains in the months ahead irrespective of the outlook for interest rates," Williamson said.
Reeves is trying to chart a way between raising taxes and boosting growth in her November 26 budget.
Sterling fell by a third of a cent against the dollar immediately after the PMI was published before recovering some of that drop. Yields on British gilts also extended falls.
"Today’s data release suggests that the downside risks to activity may be growing, but we doubt it will ease the Bank of England’s growing inflation fears," Ashley Webb, UK economist at Capital Economics, said.
"We continue to think that the Bank won’t cut interest rates at either of the next two meetings in November and December."
SERVICES, MANUFACTURING PMI HIT MULTI-MONTH LOWS
Firms cut jobs again, reflecting "hiring freezes and the non-replacement of voluntary leavers in response to strong cost pressures and reduced workloads".
S&P said the preliminary PMI reading for the services sector hit a two-month low of 51.9 in September, down from 54.2 in August. The smaller manufacturing PMI fell to its lowest since April at 46.2 from 47.0 in August.
The downturn in manufacturing output was the fastest since March, with some factories saying the shutdown of Britain's biggest automaker Jaguar Land Rover had impacted activity in the automotive supply chain. The company, which was hit by cyber attacks, said on Tuesday that it was extending the closure of its factories until October 1.
Service providers reported a steep rise in output prices, which they attributed to wage pressures and efforts by suppliers to pass on higher payroll costs to consumers.
Many employers have said they are struggling to cope with the higher costs resulting from a tax increase on them in Reeves' first budget.
However, there was a slight moderation in companies' cost pressures this month.
Williamson said the signs of lost momentum from the PMI survey might prompt the Bank of England to take a quicker approach to cutting interest rates.
The BoE held its benchmark rate at 4% last week and it is monitoring for signs that inflation pressures are waning before it reduces borrowing costs again.
(Reporting by Suban Abdulla and William Schomberg; Editing by Hugh Lawson and Joe Bavier)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country over a specific time period, indicating the economic performance of that country.
Economic indicators are statistics that provide information about the economic performance of a country. They include data on employment, inflation, GDP, and manufacturing output.
Business confidence refers to the level of optimism or pessimism that business leaders feel about the overall economic situation and their own company's prospects.
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