Published by Jessica Weisman-Pitts
Posted on September 10, 2024
3 min readLast updated: January 29, 2026
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By Andy Bruce and Suban Abdulla
LONDON (Reuters) -British pay growth cooled in the three months to July to a more than two-year low and employment shot higher, according to data on Tuesday which is likely to keep the Bank of England on track to cut interest rates again before the end of the year.
British average weekly earnings, excluding bonuses, were 5.1% higher than a year earlier in the three months to the end of July, the Office for National Statistics said, matching the consensus in a Reuters poll of economists.
It was the lowest reading since the three months to June 2022.
Sterling ticked higher against the dollar briefly on the back of the figures, which were broadly as expected, before settling back again.
When it cut interest rates on Aug. 1 after keeping them at a 16-year high of 5.25% for nearly a year, the BoE said it would continue to keep a close eye on wage growth. Investors see a roughly one-in-four chance of a September BoE rate cut.
“The slowdown in pay is quite clear now, despite the effects of awards in the public sector this summer. This should give confidence to the Bank on the future path for interest rates,” said Neil Carberry, chief executive of the Recruitment and Employment Confederation trade body.
In July, Britain’s new finance minister Rachel Reeves approved pay rises of at least 5% for millions of public sector workers.
Most economists polled by Reuters expect the next rate cut to take place in November, rather than on Sept. 19.
The BoE is more focused on private sector pay, which it forecasts will slow to 5% in late 2024 and 3% in late 2025.
Excluding bonuses, private sector pay growth cooled to 4.9% in the three months to July – putting it on track to meet the BoE’s forecast of 4.8% for the third quarter as a whole.
EMPLOYMENT PICKS UP
Britain’s economy added 265,000 jobs in the three months to July, the ONS said, far more than expected by economists in the Reuters poll which had pointed to a 123,000 increase.
But the ONS repeated its warnings about the flaws of the Labour Force Survey, which produces employment and unemployment data, but not the headline wage figures. The methodology is due to be refreshed in December’s release.
A different measure of employment based on tax data, which some economists say may give a better steer on the health of the labour market though it is prone to revision, showed the biggest drop in payrolled jobs during August since late 2020.
The unemployment rate in the three months to July fell to 4.1%, slightly down from 4.2% in the three months to June, and its lowest since the three months to January 2024.
The data pointed to progress in reducing the number of economically inactive people of working age – a priority for Britain’s new Labour government – which fell in the three months to July by 136,000 from the three months to April, the biggest such fall since mid-2022.
The number of people who were inactive because of long-term sickness also fell.
The BoE also looks at other inflation pressures such as labour shortages, which leapt during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The number of unfilled job vacancies fell to a more than three-year low of 857,000 in the three months to July, down from 1.3 million in mid-2022 but still higher than in early 2020.
(Reporting by Andy Bruce and Suban Abdulla; Editing by Kylie MacLellan, Miral Fahmy and Gareth Jones)
Pay growth refers to the increase in average earnings over a specific period, typically expressed as a percentage. It indicates how much workers' wages have risen compared to the previous year.
The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, responsible for issuing currency, managing monetary policy, and ensuring financial stability within the economy.
An interest rate is the amount charged by lenders to borrowers for the use of money, expressed as a percentage of the principal. It influences borrowing costs and savings returns.
Economic inactivity refers to individuals who are not actively participating in the labor market, either because they are not seeking work or are unable to work due to various reasons.
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