Analysis-Three Weeks In, Iran War Escalates Beyond Trump's Control

Trump Struggles to Control Escalating Iran War as Global Tensions Soar

Escalating Crisis and Its Global Impact

By Matt Spetalnick and Nandita Bose

WASHINGTON, March 21 (Reuters) - President Donald Trump ends the third week of the Iran war confronting a crisis that seems to be slipping out of his hands: Global energy prices are surging, the United States stands isolated from allies and more troops are preparing to deploy despite his promise the war would be only a "short excursion."

A defensive Trump called other NATO countries "cowards" for refusing to help secure the Strait of Hormuz and insisted the campaign was unfolding according to plan. But his declaration on Friday that the battle "was Militarily WON" clashed with the reality of a defiant Iran that is choking off Gulf oil and gas supplies while launching missile strikes across the region.

Trump, who took office promising to keep the U.S. out of "stupid" military interventions, now appears to control neither the outcome nor the messaging of a conflict he helped to initiate. The lack of a clear exit strategy carries risks both for his presidential legacy and his party's political prospects as Republicans scramble to defend narrow majorities in Congress in the November midterm elections.

Political and Military Consequences

"Trump has built himself a box called the Iran war, and he can’t figure out how to get out of it," said Aaron David Miller, a former Middle East negotiator for Republican and Democratic administrations. "That's his biggest source of frustration."

A White House official challenged that characterization, with many of Iran's top leaders eliminated in targeted killings, most of its navy sunk and its ballistic missile arsenal largely destroyed.

"This has been an undisputed military success," the official said.

Limits of Trump’s Power

LIMITS OF TRUMP'S POWER

The limits of Trump's power — diplomatically, militarily and politically — were thrown into sharp relief over the past week.

He was caught off-guard by the resistance of fellow NATO members and other foreign partners to deploying their navies to help secure the Strait of Hormuz, according to another White House official who, like other officials Reuters spoke to for this story, was granted anonymity to discuss internal deliberations.

With the president not wanting to appear isolated, some White House aides have advised Trump to quickly find an "off-ramp" and set limits on the military operation's scope, said one person close to the discussions. But it was unclear whether that argument was enough to sway Trump.

Strained Alliances and International Relations

In the view of some analysts, allies' unwillingness reflects not only their reluctance over entanglement in a war they were not consulted on, but a backlash against his belittling of traditional U.S. alliances since his return to office 14 months ago.

Differences with Israel also have begun surfacing, with Trump insisting that he knew nothing in advance about the Israeli attack on Iran's South Pars gas field, while Israeli officials said the strike had indeed been coordinated with the U.S.

Potential Paths Forward

Trump now finds himself at a crossroads in Operation Epic Fury with no clear sign of which path he might take, analysts say.

He could go all-in and intensify the U.S. offensive, possibly even seizing Iran's oil hub on Kharg Island or deploying troops along Iran's coast to hunt for missile launchers. But that would risk a long-term military commitment that the American public would mostly oppose.

Or, with both sides rejecting negotiations for now, Trump could declare victory and try to walk away, which could alienate Gulf allies who would be left with a wounded, hostile Iran - one that could still pursue a crude nuclear weapon and still exert control over shipping in the Gulf. Iran has denied it is seeking a nuclear weapon.

Reuters reported on Friday that the U.S. military is deploying thousands of additional Marines and sailors to the Middle East, although no decision had been made to send troops into Iran itself.

Domestic Political Fallout

The war has also shown Trump's once-iron grip over his MAGA movement is weakening, with prominent influencers speaking out against the conflict. While his base has mostly stood with him so far, analysts say that Trump's control could weaken in the coming weeks if gas prices keep rising and U.S. troops are deployed. 

"As the economics play themselves out,” Republican strategist Dave Wilson said, “people will start to say: 'Why am I paying high gas prices again? ... Why is the Strait of Hormuz now determining whether or not I can take a vacation next month?'"

Strategic Miscalculations and Their Consequences

MISCALCULATIONS

Since the war's start on February 28, there has been a growing realization within the administration that the conflict and its consequences should have been better mapped out in advance, according to two sources familiar with White House thinking, although the first White House official countered that the campaign was extensively planned and well-equipped for any potential action.

Underestimating Iran’s Response

Analysts say Trump's biggest misjudgment was over how Iran would respond to a conflict that it considers existential.

Tehran has retaliated with its remaining missiles and a fleet of armed drones to offset its foes' military superiority, striking neighboring Gulf states and mostly shutting down the Strait of Hormuz, the conduit for one-fifth of the world's oil.

Whether or not Trump and his aides foresaw the dangers, they have been unable to counter them effectively.

Failure to Anticipate Contingencies

“They failed to think through the contingencies around ways in which a conflict with Iran could go sideways, where it might not go according to the plan as they laid out,” said former U.S. ambassador John Bass, who served in Afghanistan and Turkey.

Media and Narrative Control

As the conflict has dragged on, there have been increasing signs of Trump's frustration with his inability to control the narrative. In recent days, he has torn into the news media, advancing unfounded allegations of “treason” for reporting that he sees as undermi