Published by Global Banking & Finance Review®
Posted on July 28, 2025
3 min readLast updated: January 22, 2026
Add as preferred source on GoogleFrench PM criticizes EU-US trade deal as submission, citing imbalance. French officials urge EU retaliation, contrasting with Germany and Italy.
By Michel Rose and Sudip Kar-Gupta
PARIS (Reuters) -France called a framework trade deal between the United States and European Union a "dark day" for Europe, saying the bloc had caved in to U.S. President Donald Trump with an unbalanced deal that slaps a headline 15% tariff on EU goods while sparing U.S. imports from any immediate European retaliation.
The criticism from Prime Minister Francois Bayrou followed months of French calls for EU negotiators to take a tougher stance against Trump by threatening reciprocal measures — a position that contrasted with the more conciliatory approaches of Germany and Italy.
"It is a dark day when an alliance of free peoples, brought together to affirm their common values and to defend their common interests, resigns itself to submission," Bayrou wrote on X of what he called the "von der Leyen-Trump deal".
The high-level French criticism, and President Emmanuel Macron's silence since the deal was signed between Trump and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen, stood in contrast with the more benign reaction from Berlin and Rome.
French government ministers acknowledged the agreement had some benefits — including exemptions for sectors such as spirits and aerospace — but said it remained fundamentally unbalanced.
"This state of affairs is not satisfactory and cannot be sustained," French European Affairs Minister Benjamin Haddad said on X, urging the EU to activate its so-called anti-coercion instrument, which would allow for non-tariff retaliation.
Trade Minister Laurent Saint-Martin criticised the EU's handling of the negotiations, saying the bloc should not have refrained from hitting back in what he described as a power struggle initiated by Trump.
"Donald Trump only understands force," he told France Inter radio. "It would have been better to respond by showing our capacity to retaliate earlier. And the deal could have probably looked different," he added.
Macron had said that the EU should respond in kind if the United States slapped tariffs on EU goods, and apply equivalent measures on U.S. imports into the bloc, in particular on services, in which the U.S. enjoys a surplus with the EU.
But the softer line advocated by German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, whose countries are more dependent than France on exports to the U.S., prevailed.
(Reporting by Sudip Kar-GuptaEditing by Kim Coghill, Toby Chopra, Peter Graff)
Francois Bayrou described the EU-US trade deal as a 'dark day' for Europe, indicating that the bloc had submitted to U.S. demands.
French ministers acknowledged some benefits from the agreement, including exemptions for sectors like spirits and aerospace, but maintained that the deal was fundamentally unbalanced.
The French government urged the EU to activate its anti-coercion instrument and criticized the bloc for not retaliating effectively against U.S. pressure during negotiations.
President Macron suggested that the EU should respond in kind to U.S. tariffs by imposing equivalent measures on U.S. imports, particularly in the services sector.
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni favored a softer approach in the negotiations, prioritizing their countries' dependence on exports to the U.S.
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