Published by Global Banking & Finance Review®
Posted on July 11, 2025
3 min readLast updated: January 22, 2026
The Air India Dreamliner crash killed 260 people. A report reveals the engines' fuel cutoff switches flipped unexpectedly, leading to disaster.
(Reuters) -A preliminary report into the Air India crash that killed 260 people last month showed the plane's engines fuel cutoff switches almost simultaneously flipped from run to cutoff, starving the engines of fuel.
Here is the sequence of events - by the seconds - on June 12, as detailed by Indian investigators in their preliminary report released on Saturday:
05:47 GMT (11:17 a.m. IST) – Air India Dreamliner VT-ANB landed in Ahmedabad from New Delhi as AI423.
07:48:38 GMT – The aircraft was observed departing from Bay 34 at the airport.
07:55:15 GMT – The aircraft requested taxi clearance, which was granted by air traffic control; a minute later the aircraft taxied from the bay to Runway 23 via Taxiway R4, backtracked and lined up for take-off.
08:02:03 GMT - The aircraft was transferred from ground to tower control.
08:07:33 GMT – Take-off clearance issued.
08:07:37 GMT - The aircraft started rolling.
08:08:39 GMT – Aircraft lifted off. "The aircraft air/ground sensors transitioned to air mode, consistent with liftoff," the report said.
08:08:42 GMT – Aircraft reached max airspeed of 180 knots. "Immediately thereafter, the Engine 1 and Engine 2 fuel cutoff switches transitioned from RUN to CUTOFF position one after another with a time gap of 01 sec."
"The Engine N1 and N2 began to decrease from their take-off values as the fuel supply to the engines was cut off.
"In the cockpit voice recording, one of the pilots is heard asking the other why did he cutoff.
"The other pilot responded that he did not do so
"The CCTV footage obtained from the airport showed Ram Air Turbine (RAT) getting deployed during the initial climb immediately after lift-off
"The aircraft started to lose altitude before crossing the airport perimeter wall."
08:08:47 GMT – both engines' values "passed below minimum idle speed", and the RAT hydraulic pump began supplying hydraulic power.
08:08:52 GMT – Engine 1 fuel cutoff switch transitioned from CUTOFF to RUN.
08:08:56 GMT – Engine 2 fuel cutoff switch also transitions from CUTOFF to RUN.
"When fuel control switches are moved from CUTOFF to RUN while the aircraft is inflight, each engines full authority dual engine control (FADEC) automatically manages a relight and thrust recovery sequence of ignition and fuel introduction."
"Engine 1’s core deceleration stopped, reversed and started to progress to recovery. Engine 2 was able to relight but could not arrest core speed deceleration and re-introduced fuel repeatedly to increase core speed acceleration and recovery."
08:09:05 GMT – One of the pilots transmitted “MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY".
08:09:11 GMT – Data recording stopped.
08:14:44 GMT – Crash fire tender left the airport premises for rescue and firefighting.
(Reporting by Aditya Kalra; Editing by Jamie Freed)
The preliminary report indicated that the fuel cutoff switches for both engines flipped from 'RUN' to 'CUTOFF' almost simultaneously, which starved the engines of fuel.
The aircraft took off at 08:08:39 GMT, reached maximum airspeed, and shortly after, both engines' fuel cutoff switches transitioned to 'CUTOFF', leading to a loss of altitude.
The cockpit voice recording captured one pilot asking the other why the cutoff occurred, to which the other pilot replied that he did not initiate the cutoff.
After the crash, the crash fire tender left the airport premises for rescue and firefighting operations at 08:14:44 GMT.
After the switches were moved back to 'RUN', Engine 1 was able to relight, but Engine 2 could not arrest its core speed deceleration and repeatedly introduced fuel.
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